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THE NORTHEAST INDIA KNOWLEDGE NEST

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Explore the geography, history, culture, tourism, rivers, physiography, economy, environment and diverse heritage of Northeast India through detailed articles, maps, study notes and useful resources.

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Discover the Northeast

From the Himalayas and Patkai hills to the Brahmaputra and Barak valleys, from ancient kingdoms and indigenous traditions to wildlife, landscapes and tourism destinations, explore Northeast India through detailed and informative resources.

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Soils Found in Northeast India - Classification, Distribution and Erosion

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Northeast India is a place of heavy rainfall, high relative humidity, and high temperatures, which cause rapid weathering of rocks. As the weathering of surface rocks of the hills and mountains proceeds, the sheet flood caused by heavy rainfall removes the weathered materials and carries them down to the headward streams of the rivers.  The rapidly flowing rivers then carry the sediments, big and small, down to the foothills and plains. Soils found in northeast India are mainly four major groups. These are Alluvial Soil , Red Soil , Laterite Soil , and Mountain Soil . In the Northeast Region , soil and environmental degradation is a big problem. This is further aggravated due to ecologically unsuitable shifting cultivation by the local tribes/ indigenous people who are socio-culturally and economically very much attached to this form of land use. Types of Soils Found in Northeast India There are four major soil groups found in Northeast India Alluvial Soil Old Alluvium  Ne...
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The Hills and Mountains in Northeast India

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The Hills and Mountain Ranges of Northeast India have two different geological and physiographical units. In the northeastern part of the region hills and ranges is part of the Himalayas Mountain. On the other hand, the southwestern part of the region's hills and ranges is the production of the Peninsular Plateau.
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Nagaland Physiography: Hills, Ranges, Plains & Peaks

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Nagaland Physiography: Hills, Ranges, Plains and Major Physical Features Nagaland is one of the most mountainous states of northeastern India and is known for its rugged hills, steep ridges, narrow valleys, forests and deeply dissected terrain. Located in the far northeastern part of India, Nagaland shares boundaries with Arunachal Pradesh and Assam in the north, Assam in the west and northwest, Manipur in the south, and Myanmar in the east . The state covers an area of 16,579 square kilometres , while Kohima is its capital. Nagaland forms part of the broader hill and mountain system of northeastern India and represents a continuation of the Naga Hills and Indo-Myanmar mountain system . Its eastern and southeastern highlands merge with the Patkai Range , while the Barail Range extends through the southwestern part of the state. The landscape is therefore characterized by high hills, sharp ridges, deep valleys, gorges and limited plains. The state is particularly important from the pe...
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Physiography of Assam: Major Physical Divisions, Valleys and Hills

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Assam is one of the most geographically diverse states of northeastern India. Its landscape includes vast alluvial plains, powerful river systems, forested foothills, wetlands, hills, plateaus and fertile valleys. These physical features influence almost every aspect of life in the state, including climate, agriculture, settlement, transport, biodiversity, economy and tourism. The physiography of Assam is mainly divided into the Brahmaputra Valley, Barak Valley, Karbi Anglong and North Cachar Hills . Each region has its own relief, drainage pattern, soil characteristics, vegetation and land-use pattern. Physiography of Assam at a Glance Physiographic Division Major Characteristics Brahmaputra Valley           Extensive alluvial plain shaped by the Brahmaputra and           its tributaries Barak Valley                     Undulating plains, floodplains, meander plains, ...
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Purvanchal Mountain Range of North East India | UPSC | APSC

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The Purvanchal Range, or Eastern Mountain, is a sub-mountain range of the Himalaya. “ Purvanchal, ” as the name itself suggests, is the eastern frontier region of India, surrounded by Bangladesh in the south-west, Myanmar in the south-east, and China in the north-east. Its north-western limit, for a major part, follows the boundaries of the Meghalaya-Mikir region, the Assam Valley, and the Eastern Himalaya, and the plain areas of Tripura and Cachar continue the Surma Valley. Geography of Purvanchal Range Purvanchal Range, covering an area of about 94,800 km2 with a population of over 4 million, incorporates Nagaland, Manipur, Tripura and Mizoram Hills and Cachar Districts along with the fifth of Haflong tahsil of Assam State and District of Tripa and part of Lohit in Arunachal Pradesh. Its length from north to south is about 755 km and the maximum width from east to west is about 615 km. The range is an eastern extension of the Himalayan Range System, in northeastern India. It bends ...
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